Yesterday kicked off the official start of the 2024 Venice Film Festival. To celebrate the long contributions the festival has had on the film industry, we’re looking at the history of Italian Film! At the end of the post, you can the prior festival winners.

The Biennale di Venezia is the oldest art exhibition in the world. Mayor  Riccardo Selvatico founded the organization to showcase the arts throughout Italy.  Today the Biennale has international festivals for: Art, Contemporary Music, Theatre, Architecture, Contemporary Dance, Kid’s Carnival and Film.  The Venice Film Festival (Mostro Internazionale d’Arte Cinematografica) is one of the big 5 international film festivals and attracts filmmakers from all across the world. 

The festival takes place on the Lido island in the Venice Lagoon at the historic Palazzo del cinema. Yearly, the festival awards prizes for the best film, director, actor and actress.  these prizes are Golden Lion, Silver Lion and the Volpi Cup. The golden lion is a former symbol of the Republic of Venice and resembles the lion of Saint Mark.  Film Festival founder, Giuseppe Volpi was a top member of the Fascist party. He worked for Party and Germany during World War II. After the war, Volpi spent the majority of his time in court. 

Italian Cinema

In the 1910s,  the film industry in Italy grew tremendously and by 1912 there were over 1,000 films made in northern Italy. Nino Martoglio’s 1914 film Lost in the Dark, is widely considered to be an experiment of neorealism. Towards the end of the 1910s, Italy created the earliest avant gardes films. these films influenced the German Expressionist films and even Alfred Hitchcock.  The futurist mindset was to encourage Italy to break free of its past.

After the first world war, the film industry was rebuilding themselves. The Song of Love (1930) is the first talkie film. With the addition of talking pictures shaped Italian film into the golden age. The golden age of Italian film is between 1942 and 1978. However, the period before the golden age was filled with propaganda movies led by the fascist party.

Genres of Italian Film

Telefoni Bianchi – optimistic movies that are similar to Hollywood’s screwball comedies. 

Calligrafismo – took on a more critical view of the subject to make it more realistic. 

Neorealists – an important director in this movement is Federico Fellini.

Musicarellos –  musicals that were geared toward the youth of the country. 

Commedia all’ Italiana – comedy movies 

Spaghetti Westerns – Italian filmmakers took advantage of the dying westerns in America with gritty, morally flawed characters. These films were made in Europe. 

 

Brief History of the Film Festival:

1893 – Venice mayor Riccardo Selvatico created the Biennale organization as a celebration of the arts

1932 – The Film Festival begins and is held from August 6th to the 21st. 

1935 – The Festival becomes annual

From the late 30s to the mid 40s due to the political turmoil in Europe, the festival did not give out prizes  but showed popular pre-war films.  1943-1945 there was no festival because of the height of World War II. 

1946 – Festival resumed & awarded The Southerner as the best film of the year

1957 – Satyajit Ray won the Golden Lion for his film, Aparajito. This was the first time western audiences got an appreciation for films from India 

1960s-1979 – more turmoil in Italy and Europe caused more problems so the festival was canceled. 

1979 – Resumes again into the festival as we know it today

1980 – The Film Fest is moved to the Lido

The Venice Film Festival is now thought of as an Oscar launch as more of the recent films have gotten on to get nominations for the Academy Award. 

Best Italian Films of All Time

8 ½

The Conformist

Rome, Open City

The Leopard

Voyage to Italy

La Strada

La Vita Bella

Bird with the Crystal Plumage

City of the Living Dead

Django

La Dolce Vita

Marriage Italian Style

Le Quattro Volte

Best films from prior festivals

Golden Lion Winners 

Poor Things – 2023

Nomadland – 2020

Joker – 19

Roma -18

The Shape of You -17

Academy Award Nominated Films that premeired at Venice

Argentia 1985

Banishees of Inisherin

Bones and All

Tar

The Whale

Saint Omer

The Whale – 2022

Parallel Mothers

Power of the Dog

The Lost Daughter

Spencer

Ferrari

The Killer

Io Capitano

Priscilla 

Hitman